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Linux VPS新硬盤分區(qū)與掛載教程(面板重裝不丟失數(shù)據(jù))

2023-04-03 09:45 作者：admin 閱讀量：1950

通過fdisk -l我們可以看到/dev/xvdb(此名稱因系統(tǒng)而異)容量有23.6G，而且沒有分區(qū)，接下來我們對(duì)它進(jìn)行分區(qū)和掛載

  1. fdisk -l

[root@MyVPS ~]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/xvda: 8589 MB, 8589934592 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1044 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
    Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/xvda1   *           1          13      104391   83  Linux
/dev/xvda2              14        1044     8281507+  8e  Linux LVM

Disk /dev/xvdb: 23.6 GB, 23622320128 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2871 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System



對(duì)/dev/xvdb(此名稱因系統(tǒng)而異)進(jìn)行分區(qū)：

  1. fdisk /dev/xvdb

[root@MyVPS ~]# fdisk /dev/xvdb
The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 2871.
There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
and could in certain setups cause problems with:
1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
   (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)

輸入n新建分區(qū)
Command (m for help): n
Command action
   e   extended
   p   primary partition (1-4)
p

/dev/xvdb中第1個(gè)分區(qū)
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-2871, default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-2871, default 2871):
Using default value 2871

輸入W保存退出
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.



將新分區(qū)xvdb1(此名稱因系統(tǒng)而異)格式化為ext3格式
 

  1. mkfs -t ext3 /dev/xvdb1

[root@MyVPS ~]# mkfs -t ext3 /dev/xvdb1
mke2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
2883584 inodes, 5765319 blocks
288265 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296
176 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
16384 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
        32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
        4096000
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
This filesystem will be automatically checked every 24 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.



我們示范將新分區(qū)xvdb1掛載到目錄/home1
新建目錄/home1，然后掛載

  1. mkdir /home1
     
  2. mount /dev/xvdb1 /home1



完成后我們通過df -hal可以看到，新分區(qū)已經(jīng)掛載到目錄/home1上了


[root@MyVPS ~]# df -hal
Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00
                      5.7G  1.4G  4.1G  25% /
proc                     0     0     0   -  /proc
sysfs                    0     0     0   -  /sys
devpts                   0     0     0   -  /dev/pts
/dev/xvda1             99M   28M   67M  30% /boot
tmpfs                 256M     0  256M   0% /dev/shm
none                     0     0     0   -  /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc
sunrpc                   0     0     0   -  /var/lib/nfs/rpc_pipefs
/dev/xvdb1             22G  173M   21G   1% /home1



最后添加開機(jī)自動(dòng)掛載：
 

  1. echo "/dev/xvdb1 /home1 ext3 defaults 1 2" >> /etc/fstab



這樣就完成了！

 

通過面板重裝后的處理

重新建立目錄/home1，然后重新掛載，xvdb1的文件內(nèi)容不受影響
  1. mkdir /home1
     
  2. mount /dev/xvdb1 /home1
最后，重新添加自動(dòng)掛載即可：
  1. echo "/dev/xvdb1 /home1 ext3 defaults 1 2" >> /etc/fstab
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